Analisis Kepentingan Uni Eropa di Teluk Guinea Melalui Strategi Coordinated Maritime Presences (CMP) Tahun 2019-2022

Abstrak

Maritime security problems that occurred in the Gulf of Guinea did not only affect the West African region but also affected the world, including the European Union. The European Union as an international organization that is aware of maritime security provides its strategy through Coordinated Maritime Presences (CMP). This paper aims to analyzes the interests of the European Union in the Gulf of Guinea through the Coordinated Maritime Presences (CMP) strategy. This study uses the theory of Neoliberal Institutionalism, the concept of international organizations, and the concept of collective interest to analyze the collective interests of the European Union in the Gulf of Guinea. By using qualitative research methods, researchers found that the European Union's collective interests are security, trade, and energy interests. Security interests are the roots of the European Union's collective interests in the Gulf of Guinea. Security interests relate to the European Union's efforts to enhance its image as a reliable and tough international organization in maritime security. Security interests are also closely related to the smuggling of cocaine from West Africa to Europe. The European Union's trade interests are related to the European Union's shipping and export-import activities in the Gulf of Guinea region. Shipping companies from European Union countries are included in the top five shipping companies operating in the Gulf of Guinea with an increase in market share of 20% from 2010 to 2020. Furthermore, the issue of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea is a major threat to the loss of European Union energy interests, where most of the piracy targets are ships transporting oil and gas. This can be a threat to the European Union's energy interests to make the Gulf of Guinea an alternative EU energy supplier.

Key Words: Gulf of Guinea, European Union, Maritime Security, Collective Interest