Bahasa Indonesia

Putu Adrian Mahadi Wibawa; Stephanus Rahardian Hersacra Nudu; Helena Angeline Darwis; I Putu Bintang Pradita Kirana

Putu Adrian Mahadi Wibawa Universitas Udayana
Stephanus Rahardian Hersacra Nudu Universitas Udayana
Helena Angeline Darwis Universitas Udayana
I Putu Bintang Pradita Kirana Universitas Udayana

Abstrak

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Traveler’s diarrhea is the common term used for diarrheas experienced by tourists during the trip or after they return to their respective hometowns. There are several factors of this disease, for instance, food and beverage hygiene, also differences in the normal flora.

Discussion: Most cases found are caused by foods and beverages contaminated by faeces with Eschericia coli. The disease itself is self-limiting, however, its clinical manifestation may cause inconvenience during the trip and interfere their vacation plans or other activities. Therefore, the knowledge of traveler’s diarrhea, which is mainly caused by Escherichia coli, is needed. The results showed that Escherichia coli is a rod-shaped, facultative anaerobe and gram-negative bacteria, which is the leading cause of traveler’s diarrhea. Its main clinical manifestation is diarrhea and may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as nausea, fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting and bleeding. Escherichia coli has a number of subtypes that cause a variety of symptoms. Out of the high incidence rate of traveler’s diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli, the subtype Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) makes up 15% of the whole percentage. Watery diarrhea with no blood or fever became its classic manifestation. ETEC has 2 peptide groups, which are heat-stable toxin (ST) dan heat-labile toxin (LT) that interfere with water absorption inside the intestine, leading to diarrhea.

Conclusion: The main cause of traveler’s diarrhea is ETEC, whereas mild to heavy watery diarrhea is its common symptom. This review may be used as the foundation for further research and preventive actions.

Keywords: Traveler’s diarrhea, Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, Subtypes of Escherichia coli, ETEC

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