ALASAN PENINJAUAN ULANG GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE (GSP) OLEH PEMERINTAH AMERIKA SERIKAT (AS) TERHADAP INDONESIA PASCA PENERAPAN GERBANG PEMBAYARAN NASIONAL (GPN) TAHUN 2017-2020

Abstrak

This research aims to describe the reasons for the United States (US) in reviewing Indonesia's eligibility for the GSP in 2018-2020 using qualitative research methods. This research uses the concept of foreign policy which explains that changes in foreign policy occur because of the national interest that a country wants to achieve. To achieve the national interest, the state uses its foreign policy tools to influence other countries. In this case, the GSP is an economic tool used by the US to influence Indonesia in accordance with the economic interests that the US wants to achieve. The implementation of NPG in Indonesia has influenced multinational companies from the US to operate in Indonesian territory. The multinational companies are Visa and MasterCard. The application of the GPN has hampered US trade in Indonesia and is not in accordance with the GSP principle of free trade. The GPN forces US multinationals to relinquish control over share ownership, pricing, branding, and regulation to local entities. Losses experienced by multinational companies are also losses that will be experienced by the US as a home country. This research then concludes that the reason for the US reviewing Indonesia's eligibility for GSP facilities is to protect US multinational companies  (Visa and MasterCard) to advance the US economy by taking advantage of GSP privileges. The US wish is an exception to the GPN policy on credit cards. This is an absolute requirement if Indonesia still wants to maintain GSP facilities.